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Ronald Harwerth

TitleProfessor
InstitutionUniversity of Houston
DepartmentDean, Optometry
Address4800 Calhoun Rd
Houston TX 77004
Phone713-743-1940
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    Collapse Research 
    Collapse research activities and funding
    R01EY001139     (HARWERTH, RONALD S)Jan 1, 1978 - Aug 31, 2017
    NIH/NEI
    Behavioral Measures of Vision
    Role: Principal Investigator
    S15EY008949     (HARWERTH, RONALD S)Aug 1, 1990 - Jul 31, 1991
    NIH/NEI
    SMALL INSTRUMENTATION GRANT
    Role: Principal Investigator
    S15EY010879     (HARWERTH, RONALD S)Jul 11, 1994 - Jul 10, 1995
    NIH/NEI
    SMALL INSTRUMENTATION GRANT
    Role: Principal Investigator

    Collapse Bibliographic 
    Collapse selected publications
    Publications listed below are automatically derived from MEDLINE/PubMed and other sources, which might result in incorrect or missing publications. Faculty can login to make corrections and additions.
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    1. Patel NB, Hung LF, Harwerth RS. Postnatal maturation of the fovea in Macaca mulatta using optical coherence tomography. Exp Eye Res. 2017 Aug 02; 164:8-21. PMID: 28778401.
      View in: PubMed
    2. Smith EL, Hung LF, Arumugam B, Wensveen JM, Chino YM, Harwerth RS. Observations on the relationship between anisometropia, amblyopia and strabismus. Vision Res. 2017 May; 134:26-42. PMID: 28404522.
      View in: PubMed
    3. Ivers KM, Sredar N, Patel NB, Rajagopalan L, Queener HM, Twa MD, Harwerth RS, Porter J. In Vivo Changes in Lamina Cribrosa Microarchitecture and Optic Nerve Head Structure in Early Experimental Glaucoma. PLoS One. 2015; 10(7):e0134223. PMID: 26230993; PMCID: PMC4521723.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    4. Patel NB, Sullivan-Mee M, Harwerth RS. The relationship between retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and optic nerve head neuroretinal rim tissue in glaucoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2014 Sep 23; 55(10):6802-16. PMID: 25249610; PMCID: PMC4214209.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    5. Patel NB, Lim M, Gajjar A, Evans KB, Harwerth RS. Age-associated changes in the retinal nerve fiber layer and optic nerve head. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2014 Jul 22; 55(8):5134-43. PMID: 25052998; PMCID: PMC4137486.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    6. Luo X, Patel NB, Rajagopalan LP, Harwerth RS, Frishman LJ. Relation between macular retinal ganglion cell/inner plexiform layer thickness and multifocal electroretinogram measures in experimental glaucoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2014 Jun 26; 55(7):4512-24. PMID: 24970256; PMCID: PMC4106250.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    7. Patel NB, Garcia B, Harwerth RS. Influence of anterior segment power on the scan path and RNFL thickness using SD-OCT. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2012 Aug 24; 53(9):5788-98. PMID: 22836769; PMCID: PMC3428111.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    8. Medeiros FA, Zangwill LM, Anderson DR, Liebmann JM, Girkin CA, Harwerth RS, Fredette MJ, Weinreb RN. Estimating the rate of retinal ganglion cell loss in glaucoma. Am J Ophthalmol. 2012 Nov; 154(5):814-824.e1. PMID: 22840484; PMCID: PMC3787830.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    9. Patel NB, Wheat JL, Rodriguez A, Tran V, Harwerth RS. Agreement between retinal nerve fiber layer measures from Spectralis and Cirrus spectral domain OCT. Optom Vis Sci. 2012 May; 89(5):E652-66. PMID: 22105330; PMCID: PMC3299866.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    10. Wheat JL, Rangaswamy NV, Harwerth RS. Correlating RNFL thickness by OCT with perimetric sensitivity in glaucoma patients. J Glaucoma. 2012 Feb; 21(2):95-101. PMID: 21336150; PMCID: PMC3636548.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    11. Hung LF, Ramamirtham R, Wensveen JM, Harwerth RS, Smith EL. Objective and subjective refractive error measurements in monkeys. Optom Vis Sci. 2012 Feb; 89(2):168-77. PMID: 22198796; PMCID: PMC3331912.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    12. Zhang B, Tao X, Wensveen JM, Harwerth RS, Smith EL, Chino YM. Effects of brief daily periods of unrestricted vision during early monocular form deprivation on development of visual area 2. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011 Sep 14; 52(10):7222-31. PMID: 21849427; PMCID: PMC3207722.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    13. Ivers KM, Li C, Patel N, Sredar N, Luo X, Queener H, Harwerth RS, Porter J. Reproducibility of measuring lamina cribrosa pore geometry in human and nonhuman primates with in vivo adaptive optics imaging. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011 Jul 23; 52(8):5473-80. PMID: 21546533; PMCID: PMC3176071.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    14. Wensveen JM, Smith EL, Hung LF, Harwerth RS. Brief daily periods of unrestricted vision preserve stereopsis in strabismus. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011 Jul 01; 52(7):4872-9. PMID: 21398285; PMCID: PMC3175955.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    15. Luo X, Patel NB, Harwerth RS, Frishman LJ. Loss of the low-frequency component of the global-flash multifocal electroretinogram in primate eyes with experimental glaucoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011 Jun 01; 52(6):3792-804. PMID: 21421870; PMCID: PMC3109055.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    16. Patel NB, Luo X, Wheat JL, Harwerth RS. Retinal nerve fiber layer assessment: area versus thickness measurements from elliptical scans centered on the optic nerve. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011 Apr; 52(5):2477-89. PMID: 21220552; PMCID: PMC3088544.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    17. Bi H, Zhang B, Tao X, Harwerth RS, Smith EL, Chino YM. Neuronal responses in visual area V2 (V2) of macaque monkeys with strabismic amblyopia. Cereb Cortex. 2011 Sep; 21(9):2033-45. PMID: 21263036; PMCID: PMC3155601.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    18. Johnson CA, Anderson D, Fingeret M, Garway-Heath DT, Harwerth R. Glaucoma: recent discoveries and patient care. Optom Vis Sci. 2011 Jan; 88(1):2-3. PMID: 21191285.
      View in: PubMed
    19. Harwerth RS, Wheat JL, Fredette MJ, Anderson DR. Linking structure and function in glaucoma. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2010 Jul; 29(4):249-71. PMID: 20226873; PMCID: PMC2878911.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    20. Carter-Dawson L, Zhang Y, Harwerth RS, Rojas R, Dash P, Zhao XC, WoldeMussie E, Ruiz G, Chuang A, Dubinsky WP, Redell JB. Elevated albumin in retinas of monkeys with experimental glaucoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2010 Feb; 51(2):952-9. PMID: 19797225; PMCID: PMC2868465.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    21. Harwerth RS, Wheat JL, Rangaswamy NV. Age-related losses of retinal ganglion cells and axons. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2008 Oct; 49(10):4437-43. PMID: 18539947.
      View in: PubMed
    22. Harwerth RS. Charles F. Prentice Award Lecture 2006: a neuron doctrine for glaucoma. Optom Vis Sci. 2008 Jun; 85(6):436-44. PMID: 18521013.
      View in: PubMed
    23. Cisarik PM, Harwerth RS. The effects of interocular correlation and contrast on stereoscopic depth magnitude estimation. Optom Vis Sci. 2008 Mar; 85(3):164-73. PMID: 18317331.
      View in: PubMed
    24. Harwerth RS, Wheat JL. Modeling the effects of aging on retinal ganglion cell density and nerve fiber layer thickness. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2008 Feb; 246(2):305-14. PMID: 17934750.
      View in: PubMed
    25. Gantz L, Patel SS, Chung ST, Harwerth RS. Mechanisms of perceptual learning of depth discrimination in random dot stereograms. Vision Res. 2007 Jul; 47(16):2170-8. PMID: 17588634; PMCID: PMC2680682.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    26. Vilupuru AS, Rangaswamy NV, Frishman LJ, Smith EL, Harwerth RS, Roorda A. Adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy for in vivo imaging of lamina cribrosa. J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis. 2007 May; 24(5):1417-25. PMID: 17429488; PMCID: PMC4696388.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    27. Harwerth RS, Vilupuru AS, Rangaswamy NV, Smith EL. The relationship between nerve fiber layer and perimetry measurements. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2007 Feb; 48(2):763-73. PMID: 17251476.
      View in: PubMed
    28. Nakatsuka C, Zhang B, Watanabe I, Zheng J, Bi H, Ganz L, Smith EL, Harwerth RS, Chino YM. Effects of perceptual learning on local stereopsis and neuronal responses of V1 and V2 in prism-reared monkeys. J Neurophysiol. 2007 Apr; 97(4):2612-26. PMID: 17267754.
      View in: PubMed
    29. Ukwade MT, Harwerth RS, Bedell HE. Stereoscopic acuity, observation distance and fixation disparity: a commentary on 'Stereoscopic acuity and observation distance' by Bradshaw and Glennerster (2006). Spat Vis. 2007; 20(5):489-92. PMID: 17716529.
      View in: PubMed
    30. Wensveen JM, Harwerth RS, Hung LF, Ramamirtham R, Kee CS, Smith EL. Brief daily periods of unrestricted vision can prevent form-deprivation amblyopia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2006 Jun; 47(6):2468-77. PMID: 16723458; PMCID: PMC1783686.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    31. Harwerth RS, Quigley HA. Visual field defects and retinal ganglion cell losses in patients with glaucoma. Arch Ophthalmol. 2006 Jun; 124(6):853-9. PMID: 16769839; PMCID: PMC2265071.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    32. Rangaswamy NV, Zhou W, Harwerth RS, Frishman LJ. Effect of experimental glaucoma in primates on oscillatory potentials of the slow-sequence mfERG. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2006 Feb; 47(2):753-67. PMID: 16431977; PMCID: PMC2040122.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    33. Sakai E, Bi H, Maruko I, Zhang B, Zheng J, Wensveen J, Harwerth RS, Smith EL, Chino YM. Cortical effects of brief daily periods of unrestricted vision during early monocular form deprivation. J Neurophysiol. 2006 May; 95(5):2856-65. PMID: 16452254.
      View in: PubMed
    34. Watanabe I, Bi H, Zhang B, Sakai E, Mori T, Harwerth RS, Smith EL, Chino YM. Directional bias of neurons in V1 and V2 of strabismic monkeys: temporal-to-nasal asymmetry? Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2005 Oct; 46(10):3899-905. PMID: 16186380.
      View in: PubMed
    35. Harwerth RS, Carter-Dawson L, Smith EL, Crawford ML. Scaling the structure--function relationship for clinical perimetry. Acta Ophthalmol Scand. 2005 Aug; 83(4):448-55. PMID: 16029269.
      View in: PubMed
    36. Cisarik PM, Harwerth RS. Stereoscopic depth magnitude estimation: effects of stimulus spatial frequency and eccentricity. Behav Brain Res. 2005 May 07; 160(1):88-98. PMID: 15836903.
      View in: PubMed
    37. Crawford ML, Harwerth RS. Ocular dominance column width and contrast sensitivity in monkeys reared with strabismus or anisometropia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2004 Sep; 45(9):3036-42. PMID: 15326118.
      View in: PubMed
    38. Harwerth RS, Carter-Dawson L, Smith EL, Barnes G, Holt WF, Crawford ML. Neural losses correlated with visual losses in clinical perimetry. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2004 Sep; 45(9):3152-60. PMID: 15326134.
      View in: PubMed
    39. Carter-Dawson L, Shen FF, Harwerth RS, Crawford ML, Smith EL, Whitetree A. Glutathione content is altered in Müller cells of monkey eyes with experimental glaucoma. Neurosci Lett. 2004 Jun 24; 364(1):7-10. PMID: 15193745.
      View in: PubMed
    40. Wensveen JM, Harwerth RS, Smith EL. Binocular deficits associated with early alternating monocular defocus. I. Behavioral observations. J Neurophysiol. 2003 Nov; 90(5):3001-11. PMID: 14615424.
      View in: PubMed
    41. Zhang B, Matsuura K, Mori T, Wensveen JM, Harwerth RS, Smith EL, Chino Y. Binocular deficits associated with early alternating monocular defocus. II. Neurophysiological observations. J Neurophysiol. 2003 Nov; 90(5):3012-23. PMID: 14615425.
      View in: PubMed
    42. Harwerth RS, Fredenburg PM. Binocular vision with primary microstrabismus. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2003 Oct; 44(10):4293-306. PMID: 14507873.
      View in: PubMed
    43. Harwerth RS, Fredenburg PM, Smith EL. Temporal integration for stereoscopic vision. Vision Res. 2003 Mar; 43(5):505-17. PMID: 12594997.
      View in: PubMed
    44. Ukwade MT, Bedell HE, Harwerth RS. Stereopsis is perturbed by vergence error. Vision Res. 2003 Jan; 43(2):181-93. PMID: 12536140.
      View in: PubMed
    45. Ukwade MT, Bedell HE, Harwerth RS. Stereothresholds with simulated vergence variability and constant error. Vision Res. 2003 Jan; 43(2):195-204. PMID: 12536141.
      View in: PubMed
    46. Carter-Dawson L, Crawford ML, Harwerth RS, Smith EL, Feldman R, Shen FF, Mitchell CK, Whitetree A. Vitreal glutamate concentration in monkeys with experimental glaucoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2002 Aug; 43(8):2633-7. PMID: 12147596.
      View in: PubMed
    47. Harwerth RS, Crawford ML, Frishman LJ, Viswanathan S, Smith EL, Carter-Dawson L. Visual field defects and neural losses from experimental glaucoma. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2002 Jan; 21(1):91-125. PMID: 11906813.
      View in: PubMed
    48. Fredenburg P, Harwerth RS. The relative sensitivities of sensory and motor fusion to small binocular disparities. Vision Res. 2001 Jul; 41(15):1969-79. PMID: 11412887.
      View in: PubMed
    49. Wensveen JM, Harwerth RS, Smith EL. Clinical suppression in monkeys reared with abnormal binocular visual experience. Vision Res. 2001 May; 41(12):1593-608. PMID: 11343724.
      View in: PubMed
    50. Crawford ML, Harwerth RS, Smith EL, Mills S, Ewing B. Experimental glaucoma in primates: changes in cytochrome oxidase blobs in V1 cortex. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2001 Feb; 42(2):358-64. PMID: 11157867.
      View in: PubMed
    51. Smith EL, Hung LF, Harwerth RS. The degree of image degradation and the depth of amblyopia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2000 Nov; 41(12):3775-81. PMID: 11053276.
      View in: PubMed
    52. Crawford ML, Harwerth RS, Smith EL, Shen F, Carter-Dawson L. Glaucoma in primates: cytochrome oxidase reactivity in parvo- and magnocellular pathways. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2000 Jun; 41(7):1791-802. PMID: 10845600.
      View in: PubMed
    53. Frishman LJ, Saszik S, Harwerth RS, Viswanathan S, Li Y, Smith EL, Robson JG, Barnes G. Effects of experimental glaucoma in macaques on the multifocal ERG. Multifocal ERG in laser-induced glaucoma. Doc Ophthalmol. 2000; 100(2-3):231-51. PMID: 11142748.
      View in: PubMed
    54. Harwerth RS, Carter-Dawson L, Shen F, Smith EL, Crawford ML. Ganglion cell losses underlying visual field defects from experimental glaucoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1999 Sep; 40(10):2242-50. PMID: 10476789.
      View in: PubMed
    55. Harwerth RS, Smith EL, Chandler M. Progressive visual field defects from experimental glaucoma: measurements with white and colored stimuli. Optom Vis Sci. 1999 Aug; 76(8):558-70. PMID: 10472962.
      View in: PubMed
    56. Viswanathan S, Frishman LJ, Robson JG, Harwerth RS, Smith EL. The photopic negative response of the macaque electroretinogram: reduction by experimental glaucoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1999 May; 40(6):1124-36. PMID: 10235545.
      View in: PubMed
    57. Siderov J, Harwerth RS, Bedell HE. Stereopsis, cyclovergence and the backwards tilt of the vertical horopter. Vision Res. 1999 Apr; 39(7):1347-57. PMID: 10343847.
      View in: PubMed
    58. Smith EL, Hung LF, Harwerth RS. Developmental visual system anomalies and the limits of emmetropization. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 1999 Mar; 19(2):90-102. PMID: 10615445.
      View in: PubMed
    59. Harwerth RS, Moeller MC, Wensveen JM. Effects of cue context on the perception of depth from combined disparity and perspective cues. Optom Vis Sci. 1998 Jun; 75(6):433-44. PMID: 9661212.
      View in: PubMed
    60. Carter-Dawson L, Shen F, Harwerth RS, Smith EL, Crawford ML, Chuang A. Glutamine immunoreactivity in Müller cells of monkey eyes with experimental glaucoma. Exp Eye Res. 1998 May; 66(5):537-45. PMID: 9628801.
      View in: PubMed
    61. Harwerth RS, Smith EL, DeSantis L. Experimental glaucoma: perimetric field defects and intraocular pressure. J Glaucoma. 1997 Dec; 6(6):390-401. PMID: 9407368.
      View in: PubMed
    62. Smith EL, Chino YM, Ni J, Cheng H, Crawford ML, Harwerth RS. Residual binocular interactions in the striate cortex of monkeys reared with abnormal binocular vision. J Neurophysiol. 1997 Sep; 78(3):1353-62. PMID: 9310426.
      View in: PubMed
    63. Harwerth RS, Smith EL, Crawford ML, von Noorden GK. Stereopsis and disparity vergence in monkeys with subnormal binocular vision. Vision Res. 1997 Feb; 37(4):483-93. PMID: 9156179.
      View in: PubMed
    64. Crawford ML, Harwerth RS, Smith EL, von Noorden GK. Loss of stereopsis in monkeys following prismatic binocular dissociation during infancy. Behav Brain Res. 1996 Sep; 79(1-2):207-18. PMID: 8883832.
      View in: PubMed
    65. Crawford ML, von Noorden GK, Harwerth RS, Smith EL. Judgments by monkeys of apparent depth in dynamic random-dot stereograms. Behav Brain Res. 1996 Sep; 79(1-2):219-25. PMID: 8883833.
      View in: PubMed
    66. Crawford ML, Harwerth RS, Chino YM, Smith EL. Binocularity in prism-reared monkeys. Eye (Lond). 1996; 10 ( Pt 2):161-6. PMID: 8776443.
      View in: PubMed
    67. Frishman LJ, Shen FF, Du L, Robson JG, Harwerth RS, Smith EL, Carter-Dawson L, Crawford ML. The scotopic electroretinogram of macaque after retinal ganglion cell loss from experimental glaucoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1996 Jan; 37(1):125-41. PMID: 8550316.
      View in: PubMed
    68. Harwerth RS, Smith EL, Crawford ML. Motor and sensory fusion in monkeys: psychophysical measurements. Eye (Lond). 1996; 10 ( Pt 2):209-16. PMID: 8776450.
      View in: PubMed
    69. Siderov J, Harwerth RS. Stereopsis, spatial frequency and retinal eccentricity. Vision Res. 1995 Aug; 35(16):2329-37. PMID: 7571468.
      View in: PubMed
    70. Harwerth RS, Smith EL, Siderov J. Behavioral studies of local stereopsis and disparity vergence in monkeys. Vision Res. 1995 Jun; 35(12):1755-70. PMID: 7660583.
      View in: PubMed
    71. Smith EL, Fern K, Manny R, Harwerth RS. Interocular suppression produced by rivalry stimuli: a comparison of normal and abnormal binocular vision. Optom Vis Sci. 1994 Aug; 71(8):479-91. PMID: 7970564.
      View in: PubMed
    72. Smith EL, Hung LF, Harwerth RS. Effects of optically induced blur on the refractive status of young monkeys. Vision Res. 1994 Feb; 34(3):293-301. PMID: 8160365.
      View in: PubMed
    73. Harwerth RS, Smith EL, DeSantis L. Mechanisms mediating visual detection in static perimetry. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1993 Sep; 34(10):3011-23. PMID: 8360032.
      View in: PubMed
    74. Siderov J, Harwerth RS. Effects of the spatial frequency of test and reference stimuli on stereo-thresholds. Vision Res. 1993 Jul; 33(11):1545-51. PMID: 8351826.
      View in: PubMed
    75. Siderov J, Harwerth RS. Precision of stereoscopic depth perception from double images. Vision Res. 1993 Jul; 33(11):1553-60. PMID: 8351827.
      View in: PubMed
    76. Kalloniatis M, Harwerth RS. Modelling sensitivity losses in ocular disorders: colour vision anomalies following intense blue-light exposure in monkeys. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 1993 Apr; 13(2):155-67. PMID: 8265150.
      View in: PubMed
    77. Crawford ML, Harwerth RS, Smith EL, von Noorden GK. Keeping an eye on the brain: the role of visual experience in monkeys and children. J Gen Psychol. 1993 Jan; 120(1):7-19. PMID: 8340786.
      View in: PubMed
    78. Harwerth RS, Smith EL, DeSantis L. Behavioral perimetry in monkeys. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1993 Jan; 34(1):31-40. PMID: 8425837.
      View in: PubMed
    79. Kalloniatis M, Harwerth RS, Smith EL, DeSantis L. Colour vision anomalies following experimental glaucoma in monkeys. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 1993 Jan; 13(1):56-67. PMID: 8510949.
      View in: PubMed
    80. Smith EL, Harwerth RS, Siderov J, Wingard M, Crawford ML, von Noorden GK. Prior binocular dissociation reduces monocular form deprivation amblyopia in monkeys. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1992 Apr; 33(5):1804-10. PMID: 1559780.
      View in: PubMed
    81. Ridder WH, Smith EL, Manny RE, Harwerth RS, Kato K. Effects of interocular suppression on spectral sensitivity. Optom Vis Sci. 1992 Mar; 69(3):227-35. PMID: 1565420.
      View in: PubMed
    82. Baitch LW, Ridder WH, Harwerth RS, Smith EL. Binocular beat VEPs: losses of cortical binocularity in monkeys reared with abnormal visual experience. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1991 Nov; 32(12):3096-103. PMID: 1938284.
      View in: PubMed
    83. Kalloniatis M, Harwerth RS. Effects of chromatic adaptation on opponent interactions in monkey increment-threshold spectral-sensitivity functions. J Opt Soc Am A. 1991 Nov; 8(11):1818-31. PMID: 1744778.
      View in: PubMed
    84. Harwerth RS, Smith EL, Paul AD, Crawford ML, von Noorden GK. Functional effects of bilateral form deprivation in monkeys. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1991 Jul; 32(8):2311-27. PMID: 2071342.
      View in: PubMed
    85. Crawford ML, Pesch TW, von Noorden GK, Harwerth RS, Smith EL. Bilateral form deprivation in monkeys. Electrophysiologic and anatomic consequences. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1991 Jul; 32(8):2328-36. PMID: 2071343.
      View in: PubMed
    86. Harwerth RS, Smith EL, Crawford ML, von Noorden GK. Behavioral studies of the sensitive periods of development of visual functions in monkeys. Behav Brain Res. 1990 Dec 21; 41(3):179-98. PMID: 2288671.
      View in: PubMed
    87. Kalloniatis M, Harwerth RS. Spectral sensitivity and adaptation characteristics of cone mechanisms under white-light adaptation. J Opt Soc Am A. 1990 Oct; 7(10):1912-28. PMID: 2231103.
      View in: PubMed
    88. Smith EL, Harwerth RS, Crawford ML, Duncan GC. Contribution of the retinal ON channels to scotopic and photopic spectral sensitivity. Vis Neurosci. 1989 Sep; 3(3):225-39. PMID: 2487104.
      View in: PubMed
    89. Wilson JR, Lavallee KA, Joosse MV, Hendrickson AE, Boothe RG, Harwerth RS. Visual fields of monocularly deprived macaque monkeys. Behav Brain Res. 1989 May 01; 33(1):13-22. PMID: 2736059.
      View in: PubMed
    90. Crawford ML, de Faber JT, Harwerth RS, Smith EL, von Noorden GK. The effects of reverse monocular deprivation in monkeys. II. Electrophysiological and anatomical studies. Exp Brain Res. 1989; 74(2):338-47. PMID: 2538342.
      View in: PubMed
    91. Harwerth RS, Smith EL, Crawford ML, von Noorden GK. The effects of reverse monocular deprivation in monkeys. I. Psychophysical experiments. Exp Brain Res. 1989; 74(2):327-47. PMID: 2924853.
      View in: PubMed
    92. Smith EL, Harwerth RS, Crawford ML, von Noorden GK. Observations on the effects of form deprivation on the refractive status of the monkey. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1987 Aug; 28(8):1236-45. PMID: 3610541.
      View in: PubMed
    93. Smith EL, Harwerth RS, Duncan GC, Crawford ML. A comparison of the spectral sensitivities of monkeys with anisometropic and stimulus deprivation amblyopia. Behav Brain Res. 1986 Oct; 22(1):13-24. PMID: 3790234.
      View in: PubMed
    94. Harwerth RS, Smith EL, Duncan GC, Crawford ML, von Noorden GK. Multiple sensitive periods in the development of the primate visual system. Science. 1986 Apr 11; 232(4747):235-8. PMID: 3952507.
      View in: PubMed
    95. Harwerth RS, Smith EL, Duncan GC, Crawford ML, von Noorden GK. Effects of enucleation of the fixating eye on strabismic amblyopia in monkeys. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1986 Feb; 27(2):246-54. PMID: 3943948.
      View in: PubMed
    96. Harwerth RS, Smith EL. Rhesus monkey as a model for normal vision of humans. Am J Optom Physiol Opt. 1985 Sep; 62(9):633-41. PMID: 4050966.
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    97. Harwerth RS, Smith EL. Binocular summation in man and monkey. Am J Optom Physiol Opt. 1985 Jul; 62(7):439-46. PMID: 4025498.
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    98. Smith EL, Harwerth RS, Crawford ML. Spatial contrast sensitivity deficits in monkeys produced by optically induced anisometropia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1985 Mar; 26(3):330-42. PMID: 3972513.
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    99. Smith EL, Levi DM, Manny RE, Harwerth RS, White JM. The relationship between binocular rivalry and strabismic suppression. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1985 Jan; 26(1):80-7. PMID: 3967958.
      View in: PubMed
    100. Crawford ML, Smith EL, Harwerth RS, von Noorden GK. Stereoblind monkeys have few binocular neurons. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1984 Jul; 25(7):779-81. PMID: 6735641.
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    101. Smith EL, Redburn DA, Harwerth RS, Maguire GW. Permanent alterations in muscarinic receptors and pupil size produced by chronic atropinization in kittens. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1984 Feb; 25(2):239-43. PMID: 6698745.
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    102. Harwerth RS, Smith EL, Crawford ML, von Noorden GK. Effects of enucleation of the nondeprived eye on stimulus deprivation amblyopia in monkeys. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1984 Jan; 25(1):10-8. PMID: 6698724.
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    103. Smith EL, Harwerth RS. Behavioral measurements of accommodative amplitude in rhesus monkeys. Vision Res. 1984; 24(12):1821-7. PMID: 6534004.
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    104. Harwerth RS, Levi DM. Psychophysical studies on the binocular processes of amblyopes. Am J Optom Physiol Opt. 1983 Jun; 60(6):454-63. PMID: 6881276.
      View in: PubMed
    105. Crawford ML, von Noorden GK, Meharg LS, Rhodes JW, Harwerth RS, Smith EL, Miller DD. Binocular neurons and binocular function in monkeys and children. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1983 Apr; 24(4):491-5. PMID: 6832918.
      View in: PubMed
    106. Smith EL, Harwerth RS, Maguire GW. Effects of chronic atropinization on visual acuity in kittens. Behav Brain Res. 1983 Mar; 7(3):307-19. PMID: 6838714.
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    107. Harwerth RS, Smith EL, Boltz RL, Crawford ML, von Noorden GK. Behavioral studies on the effect of abnormal early visual experience in monkeys: spatial modulation sensitivity. Vision Res. 1983; 23(12):1501-10. PMID: 6666051.
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    108. Harwerth RS, Smith EL, Boltz RL, Crawford ML, von Noorden GK. Behavioral studies on the effect of abnormal early visual experience in monkeys: temporal modulation sensitivity. Vision Res. 1983; 23(12):1511-7. PMID: 6666052.
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    109. Harwerth RS, Smith EL, Okundaye OJ. Oblique effects, vertical effects and meridional amblyopia in monkeys. Exp Brain Res. 1983; 53(1):142-50. PMID: 6673992.
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    110. Levi DM, Harwerth RS. Psychophysical mechanisms in humans with amblyopia. Am J Optom Physiol Opt. 1982 Dec; 59(12):936-51. PMID: 7158652.
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    111. Smith EL, Levi DM, Harwerth RS, White JM. Color vision is altered during the suppression phase of binocular rivalry. Science. 1982 Nov 19; 218(4574):802-4. PMID: 7134975.
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    112. Maguire GW, Smith EL, Harwerth RS, Crawford ML. Optically induced anisometropia in kittens. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1982 Aug; 23(2):253-64. PMID: 7096021.
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    113. Harwerth RS. Glenn Fry Award Lecture: behavioral studies of amblyopia in monkeys. Am J Optom Physiol Opt. 1982 Jul; 59(7):535-55. PMID: 7124893.
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    114. Smith EL, Harwerth RS, Levi DM, Watson JT. Normal cortical responses in ocularly hypopigmented cats. Brain Res. 1981 Feb 09; 206(1):183-6. PMID: 7470884.
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    115. Levi DM, Harwerth RS, Pass AF, Venverloh J. Edge sensitive mechanisms in humans with abnormal visual experience. Exp Brain Res. 1981; 43(3-4):270-80. PMID: 7262224.
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    116. Harwerth RS, Crawford ML, Smith EL, Boltz RL. Behavioral studies of stimulus deprivation amblyopia in monkeys. Vision Res. 1981; 21(6):779-89. PMID: 7314454.
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    117. Breitmeyer B, Levi DM, Harwerth RS. Flicker masking in spatial vision. Vision Res. 1981; 21(9):1377-85. PMID: 7314520.
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    118. Levi DM, Harwerth RS, Smith EL. Binocular interactions in normal and anomalous binocular vision. Doc Ophthalmol. 1980 Oct 15; 49(2):303-24. PMID: 7438987.
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    119. Bennett MJ, Smith EL, Harwerth RS, Crawford ML. Ocular dominance, eye alignment and visual acuity in kittens reared with an optically induced squint. Brain Res. 1980 Jul 07; 193(1):33-45. PMID: 7378827.
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    120. Smith EL, Harwerth RS, Browning R, Jacobson D, Kircher ML. Stereopsis and fixation disparity following prolonged monocular occlusion. Am J Optom Physiol Opt. 1980 Jul; 57(7):413-9. PMID: 7406009.
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    121. Sperling HG, Johnson C, Harwerth RS. Differential spectral photic damage to primate cones. Vision Res. 1980; 20(12):1117-25. PMID: 6973874.
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    122. Levi DM, Harwerth RS. Contrast sensitivity in amblyopia due to stimulus deprivation. Br J Ophthalmol. 1980 Jan; 64(1):15-20. PMID: 7356926; PMCID: PMC1039340.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    123. Harwerth RS, Boltz RL, Smith EL. Psychophysical evidence for sustained and transient channels in the monkey visual system. Vision Res. 1980; 20(1):15-22. PMID: 6768188.
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    124. Boltz RL, Smith EL, Bennett MJ, Harwerth RS. Vertical fusional vergence ranges of the rhesus monkey. Vision Res. 1980; 20(1):83-5. PMID: 6768189.
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    125. Harwerth RS, Smith EL, Boltz RL. Meridional amblyopia in monkeys. Exp Brain Res. 1980; 39(3):351-6. PMID: 6772462.
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    126. Levi DM, Harwerth RS, Smith EL. Humans deprived of normal binocular vision have binocular interactions tuned to size and orientation. Science. 1979 Nov 16; 206(4420):852-4. PMID: 493988.
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    127. Smith EL, Harwerth RS. Suprathreshold binocular interactions: the effects of prolonged monocular occlusion. Am J Optom Physiol Opt. 1979 Nov; 56(11):681-8. PMID: 546227.
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    128. Boltz RL, Harwerth RS. Fusional vergence ranges of the monkey: a behavioral study. Exp Brain Res. 1979 Sep; 37(1):87-91. PMID: 114404.
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    129. Boltz RL, Harwerth RS, Smith EL. Orientation anisotropy of visual stimuli in rhesus monkey: a behavior study. Science. 1979 Aug 03; 205(4405):511-3. PMID: 109923.
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    130. Levi DM, Harwerth RS, Manny RE. Suprathreshold spatial frequency detection and binocular interaction in strabismic and anisometropic amblyopia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1979 Jul; 18(7):714-25. PMID: 447470.
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    131. Smith EL, Bennett MJ, Harwerth RS, Crawford ML. Binocularity in kittens reared with optically induced squint. Science. 1979 May 25; 204(4395):875-7. PMID: 441743.
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    132. Harwerth RS, Boltz RL. Behavioral measures of stereopsis in monkeys using random dot stereograms. Physiol Behav. 1979 Feb; 22(2):229-34. PMID: 108691.
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    133. Harwerth RS, Boltz RL. Stereopsis in monkeys using random dot stereograms: the effect of viewing duration. Vision Res. 1979; 19(9):985-91. PMID: 119348.
      View in: PubMed
    134. Levi DM, Harwerth RS. Contrast evoked potentials in strabismic and anisometropic amblyopia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1978 Jun; 17(6):571-5. PMID: 659080.
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    135. Levi DM, Harwerth RS. A sensory mechanism for amblyopia: electrophysiological studies. Am J Optom Physiol Opt. 1978 Mar; 55(3):163-71. PMID: 98048.
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    136. Harwerth RS, Levi DM. A sensory mechanism for amblyopia: psychophysical studies. Am J Optom Physiol Opt. 1978 Mar; 55(3):151-62. PMID: 677257.
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    137. Harwerth RS, Levi DM. Reaction time as a measure of suprathreshold grating detection. Vision Res. 1978; 18(11):1579-86. PMID: 726307.
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    138. Walters JW, Harwerth RS. The mechanism of brightness enhancement. Vision Res. 1978; 18(7):777-9. PMID: 676084.
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    139. Harwerth RS, Rawlings SC. Viewing time and stereoscopic threshold with random-dot stereograms. Am J Optom Physiol Opt. 1977 Jul; 54(7):452-7. PMID: 931011.
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    140. Levi DM, Harwerth RS. Spatio-temporal interactions in anisometropic and strabismic amblyopia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1977 Jan; 16(1):90-5. PMID: 832970.
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    141. Harwerth RS, Levi DM. Increment threshold spectral sensitivity in anisometropic amblyopia. Vision Res. 1977; 17(4):585-90. PMID: 888369.
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    142. Harwerth RS, Sperling HG. Effects of intense visible radiation on the increment-threshold spectral sensitivity of the rhesus monkey eye. Vision Res. 1975 Nov; 15(11):1193-204. PMID: 812257.
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    143. Harwerth RS, Rawlings SC. Pattern and depth discrimination from random dot stereograms. Am J Optom Physiol Opt. 1975 Apr; 52(4):248-57. PMID: 1130488.
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    144. Harwerth RS, Sperlng HG. Prolonged color blindness induced by intense spectral lights in rhesus monkeys. Science. 1971 Oct 29; 174(4008):520-3. PMID: 4999884.
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    145. Sperling HG, Harwerth RS. Red-green cone interactions in the increment-threshold spectral sensitivity of primates. Science. 1971 Apr 09; 172(3979):180-4. PMID: 4993975.
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